NT Labs Koi Care Chloramine-T 50g

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Chloramines remain in the water longer than chlorine. Monochloramines are most effective when the pH value is 7 or higher. When the pH value exceeds 7 the water is alkaline. The benefit of alkaline water is that it is less corrosive than acid water. When the pH value is high chlorine can be found in the water as hypochlorite ions (OCl -). These ions have a higher oxidation potential than underchloric acid. However, as a disinfectant it is a hundred times less effective than underchloric acid. When pH values are too high, its affectivity will diminish.

Q: I have to remove chlorine & chloramine from my tap water so why am I now adding it in with these products? A: Although they share very similar names, chloramine and chloramine T are in fact very different compounds and have quite different properties. Lawrence, Stephen A. (2004). Amines: Synthesis, Properties and Applications. Cambridge University Press. p.172. ISBN 9780521782845. It’s incredibly important to note that chloramine-t should only be used under very particular water conditions, and that it can itself impact water quality. In particular, pH and water hardness are the largest impactors of the chemical’s effectiveness – chloramine-t is much more toxic in soft, acidic waters (low alkalinity) ( 1) and so should be used in waters preferably with a pH of 6.5 or greater and moderately hard or hard water greater than 7°dH (130 ppm), assuming the “ hardness” comes primarily from calcium, as calcium carbonate [CaCO3] . If you have soft water, a lower dose will be needed as the chloramine-t will be more reactive. Organic chloramines feature the NCl functional group attached to an organic substituent. Examples include N-chloromorpholine (ClN(CH 2CH 2) 2O), N-chloropiperidine, and N-chloroquinuclidinium chloride. [6] Organic chloramines can also be formed during these reactions. Organic chloramines cannot be distinguished from other chloramines, using standard chloramine analysis methods.

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Bodkin, J. A.; McLeod, M. D. (2002). "The Sharpless asymmetric aminohydroxylation". J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1. 2002 (24): 2733–2746. doi: 10.1039/b111276g. Chloramine-T is the organic compound with the formula CH 3C 6H 4SO 2NClNa. Both the anhydrous salt and its trihydrate are known. Both are white powders. Chloramine-T is used as a reagent in organic synthesis. [2] [3] It is commonly used as cyclizing agent in the synthesis of aziridine, oxadiazole, isoxazole and pyrazoles. [3] It's inexpensive, has low toxicity and acts as a mild oxidizing agent. In addition, it also acts as a source of nitrogen anions and electrophilic cations. It may undergo degradation on long term exposure to atmosphere such that care must be taken during its storage.

Fill a clean watering can with pond water, calculate the correct dose then add Kusuri Chloramine T. Kusuri Chloramine T is a powder based treatment against Gill Flukes, Body Flukes, White Spot, Costia and Bacterial Gill Disease, as well as the reduction of pathogenic bacterial levels. Water that is disinfected by chloramines does not cause a health threat. It can be used for drinking, bathing and washing and is suitable for several daily domestic purposes. P304 + P340 + P310: IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor. The sodium salt of p-toluenesulfochloramide, commonly known as chloramine-T, exerts strong oxidizing action in both acidic and alkaline media and thus has been widely used for the oxidimetric determination of a large number of inorganic and organic substances.According to American guidelines by EPA, drinking water that is treated with chloramines can contain a maximum amount of 4 mg/L Cl 2. (National Primary Drinking Water Regulations EPA, 2002)

What is water disinfection? Necessity of drinking water disinfection History of water disinfection Waterborne diseases Factors that influence disinfection Conditions of water disinfection Regulation drinking water disinfection EU USA

Chloramine-T Properties

Chloramine-T is a strong oxidant. [ contradictory] It oxidizes hydrogen sulfide to sulfur and mustard gas to yield a harmless crystalline sulfimide. [5] Chloramines can be used as bleach, disinfectants and oxidators. Organic disinfectants slowly give off chlorine, causing a slower and less aggressive disinfection than with hypochlorite (OCl -). Chloramines can be used to improve odor and flavor of the water when chlorine is used as a disinfectant. Chloramines are also used for the disinfection of drinking water and wastewater and to resist biofouling in cooling water systems. Your dosage depends on your pond or tank size, the water quality parameters, and the fish species that are present as some may be more sensitive than others (rainbow trout, for example, are more tolerant to chloramine-t than, say, goldfish or koi ( 2)). Disinfection byproducts Types of disinfection byproducts Research on health effects of disinfection byproducts Chloramines are frequently produced by adding ammonia to water containing free chlorine (HOCl or OCl, depending on the pH). The ideal pH value for this reaction is 8,4. this means the water is slightly alkaline.

ChEBI: An organic sodium salt derivative of toluene-4-sulfonamide with a chloro substituent in place of an amino hydrogen. Flammability and Explosibility

High amounts of ammonia serve as nutrients for nitrifying bacteria in the water, which can cause nitrate levels in the water to rise. Nitrate is converted to nitrite in the stomach. Nitrites can react to N-nitrosamines with proteins in fish. These compounds may be carcinogenic. Young children are more susceptive to nitrites. When children are below 0,5 years old they cannot drink nitrate-rich water, because nitrites cause the oxygen level in the blood to fall (Blue Baby Syndrome). It is advised to feed baby’s with water that has a nitrate content of below 25 μg/L. Chloramines will remain actively within the plumbing much longer. This is because it takes long for chloramines to be broken down. Berliner, J. F. T. (1931). "The Chemistry of Chloramines". American Water Works Association. 23 (9): 1320−1333 . Retrieved 4 October 2023.