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Both LGG and Saccharomyces boulardii have been shown to reduce the risk of AAD. In a systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 RCTs with a total of 1,499 children and adults, treatment with LGG (4 x 10 8 to 12 x 10 10 CFU) compared with placebo or no additional treatment for 10 days to 3 months reduced the risk of AAD in patients treated with antibiotics from 22.4% to 12.3% [ 29]. However, when the 445 children and 1,052 adults were evaluated separately, the difference was statistically significant in children only. Although the optimal dose of LGG is unclear, 1 to 2 x 10 10 CFU/day reduced AAD risk in children by 71% [ 29]. Taking probiotics within 2 days of the first antibiotic dose is more effective than starting to take them later. Staudacher HM, Whelan K. Altered gastrointestinal microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome and its modification by diet: probiotics, prebiotics and the low FODMAP diet. Proc Nutr Soc 2016;75:306-18. [ PubMed abstract] Sun J, Buys N. Effects of probiotics consumption on lowering lipids and CVD risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ann Med 2015;47:430-40. [ PubMed abstract] Overall, the available evidence suggests that starting probiotic treatment with LGG or Saccharomyces boulardii within 2 days of the first antibiotic dose helps reduce the risk of AAD in children and adults age 18 to 64, but not in elderly adults. There is no evidence to suggest that the benefits are greater when more than one probiotic strain is used. Inflammatory bowel disease Some of the most well-studied uses of probiotic supplements relate to the treatment of gastrointestinal conditions such as IBS and IBD.
Khaleesi S, et al. (2019). A review of probiotic supplementation in healthy adults: Helpful or hype? Mourey F, et al. (2020). A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of Saccharomyces boulardii in infants and children with acute diarrhea. Whether different strains of probiotic bacteria have beneficial effects on IBS probably depends on the IBS symptom being evaluated [ 48]. In a meta-analysis of 10 RCTs with a total of 877 adults treated with probiotics or placebo for 4 weeks to 6 months, pain scores improved significantly with administration of probiotics containing Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium longum, or Lactobacillus acidophilus species compared with placebo treatment [ 49]. In contrast, Streptococcus salivarius ssp. thermophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis, Bifidobacterium infantis, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, and Saccharomyces boulardii had no significant effect. The abdominal distension scores improved with use of probiotics containing Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium infantis, Lactobacillus casei, or Lactobacillus plantarum species. Flatulence declined with use of all tested probiotics, but the studies showed no positive effect of probiotics on quality of life.Goodman C, et al. (2021). Probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea: a systematic review and meta-analysis. You may find a particular type of probiotic helps with one problem. But this doesn't mean it'll help other problems, or that other types of probiotic will work just as well.
Though more research in humans is needed, some studies suggest that phages, including the phages in Culturelle Women’s 4-in-1 Protection, could be used as an alternative treatment for UTIs, including antibiotic-resistant UTIs.Venema K, et al. (2019). Probiotic survival during a multi‐layered tablet development as tested in a dynamic, computer‐controlled in vitro model of the stomach and small intestine (TIM‐1). Research suggests that probiotics must contain at least 10 6 (1 million) viable CFUs per gram to have a clinically significant effect. Additionally, the most-studied and most-used strains of probiotics are Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Khalesi S, Bellissimo N, Vandelanotte C, Williams S, Stanley D, Irwin C. A review of probiotic supplementation in healthy adults: helpful or hype? Eur J Clin Nutr 2019;73:24-37. [ PubMed abstract]
Because probiotics are strain-, disease-, and symptom-specific, no single probiotic is more effective overall than others. An effective probiotic supplement contains one or more probiotic strains that have been clinically shown to help with the symptoms you’re experiencing. Credibility: The products we chose are made by medically credible companies that follow ethical, legal, and industry best standards and that provide objective measures of trust, including having supplements thoroughly tested for purity and potency, ideally by third-party organizations. However, the authors of a more recent review of the influence of probiotics on blood lipid profiles of healthy adults (in 14 studies with a total of 942 adults treated from 15–150 days) found insufficient evidence to conclude that probiotics improve blood lipid levels [ 56]. Another review found that use of probiotics containing multiple strains produced statistically significant reductions in total and LDL cholesterol levels (by 12.0 and 20.1 mg/dL, respectively), whereas trials that used a single strain did not [ 57]. With over 30 years’ experience in probiotics, coupled with continual research and new product development, ProVen Probiotics is one of the world’s most respected producers of probiotics. Production by lactobacilli and bifidobacteria of short-chain fatty acids, which lower hepatic cholesterol synthesis and regulate cholesterol metabolism [ 50-53]Each capsule contains 12.5 billion friendly bacteria along with key nutrients to provide additional support for digestion (calcium) and immunity (vitamins C and D, zinc and selenium). Key features
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