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Little, Betsi; Terrance, Cheryl (March 2010). "Perceptions of domestic violence in lesbian relationships: stereotypes and gender role expectations". Journal of Homosexuality. 57 (3): 429–440. doi: 10.1080/00918360903543170. PMID 20391003. S2CID 44933182. Russell, Stephen T. et al (2018) Chosen name use is linked to reduced depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, and suicidal behaviour among transgender youth. Journal of Adolescent Health, 63(4): 503-505. Another reason why domestic violence can occur is dependency. [5] The need to achieve balance between separateness and connection has been identified as the primary task in relationships, and is a specifically frequent problem in lesbian relationships. [15] The degree of dependence on a relationship and on one's intimate partner causes abuse. Lesbians who report more frequent use of violent tactics in conflict with their partner will report a higher level of dependency as a personality trait. There has been growing focus of late on human rights issues that impact LGBT people in Japan, alongside increased public debate over gender and sexuality. Since 2013, two municipalities have declared themselves “LGBT friendly,” and two wards began recognizing same-sex marriages in 2015. [6] In recent years openly gay and transgender politicians have served in local legislative bodies. [7]
HBT bullying can affect children who have come out as LGBTQ+, who are questioning their gender identity or sexuality or who don’t conform to gender stereotypes and are seen as ‘different’ (Scottish Government, 2021). It might also affect children and young people who have LGBTQ+ family members. “People in my school bully me. They push me around, hit me and spit at me and call me names. I go to the LGBTQ+ club at school to avoid them, but they follow me and keep shouting names at me. I feel stressed and annoyed and like I am not part of the school or welcomed anymore. I am too scared to tell on the bullies because last time I reported them it made the bullying worse.” In this report, pseudonyms are used for all interviewees except for a small number of adults who strongly preferred that their real names be used. I. Young and Queer in Japan
Read more about children’s rights Guidance on supporting LGBTQ+ children and young people in schools Bimbi, David S.; Palmadessa, Nancy A.; Parsons, Jeffrey T. (2008). "Substance use and domestic violence among urban gays, lesbians and bisexuals". Journal of LGBT Health Research. 3 (2): 1–7. doi: 10.1300/J463v03n02_01. PMID 19835036. An education expert who sits on the national curriculum reform committee told Human Rights Watch there was no need to discuss different types of children and their experiences of bullying because all bullying happens for the same reason—that certain children are different and stand out—and can be solved through one method, a tribunal run by peers. [28] a b c d e f g Irwin, Jude (June 2008). "(Dis)counted Stories: Domestic Violence and Lesbians". Qualitative Social Work: Research and Practice. 7 (2): 199–215. doi: 10.1177/1473325008089630. S2CID 145674226.
In an opinion piece in The Guardian, Contos wrote that everyone contributes to rape culture, including herself. She said: "Of course I called girls sluts […] of course I called people frigid and of course I made my friends feel insecure about their level of sexual activity. Of course I did, because everyone I knew did."
Best practice for protecting LGBTQ+ children and young people
The analyses showed girls made crude statements about people's sexual status, sexuality and about other girls' bodies as part of their bullying. Update all health care policies that affect transgender people to bring them in line with the World Professional Association of Transgender Health (WPATH) Standards of Care-7, standards set by international health and medical experts for health care systems to provide the best possible care for transgender persons.