MINGH-Carved Gamer Wall Stickers Vinyl Mural Wallpaper for Kids Room Decoration Wallstickers Decals Gaming Poster Decor Door Sticker

£9.9
FREE Shipping

MINGH-Carved Gamer Wall Stickers Vinyl Mural Wallpaper for Kids Room Decoration Wallstickers Decals Gaming Poster Decor Door Sticker

MINGH-Carved Gamer Wall Stickers Vinyl Mural Wallpaper for Kids Room Decoration Wallstickers Decals Gaming Poster Decor Door Sticker

RRP: £99
Price: £9.9
£9.9 FREE Shipping

In stock

We accept the following payment methods

Description

In 1987, UNESCO officially recommended that its member states "join in the commemoration of the centenary of the birth of President Hồ Chí Minh by organizing various events as a tribute to his memory", considering "the important and many-sided contributions of President Hồ Chí Minh to the fields of culture, education and the arts" who "devoted his whole life to the national liberation of the Vietnamese people, contributing to the common struggle of peoples for peace, national independence, democracy, and social progress". [176] Shafer, D. Michael (1988). Deadly Paradigms: The Failure of U.S. Counterinsurgency Policy. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-1400860586. JSTOR j.ctt7zvtwm.

Arthur Dommen estimates that the Việt Minh assassinated between 100,000 and 150,000 civilians during the war. [78] By comparison to Dommen's calculation, Benjamin Valentino estimates that the French were responsible for 60,000–250,000 civilian deaths. [79] Becoming president [ edit ]

To counter the American bombing, the entire population of North Vietnam was mobilized for the war effort with vast teams of women being used to repair the damage done by the bombers, often at a speed that astonished the Americans. [129] The bombing of North Vietnam proved to be the principal obstacle to opening peace talks as Hồ repeatedly stated that no peace talks would be possible unless the United States unconditionally ceased bombing North Vietnam. [130] Like many of the other leaders of the newly independent states of Asia and Africa, Hồ was extremely sensitive about threats, whether perceived or real, to his nation's independence and sovereignty. [130] Hồ regarded the American bombing as a violation of North Vietnam's sovereignty, and he felt that to negotiate with the Americans reserving the right to bomb North Vietnam should he not behave as they wanted him to do, would diminish North Vietnam's independence. [130] Following the August Revolution organized by the Việt Minh, Hồ Chí Minh became Chairman of the Provisional Government (Premier of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and issued a Proclamation of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. [52] Although he convinced Emperor Bảo Đại to abdicate, his government was not recognized by any country. He repeatedly petitioned President Harry S. Truman for support for Vietnamese independence, [53] citing the Atlantic Charter, but Truman never responded. [54]

Gittinger, J. Price (1959). "Communist Land Policy in North Viet Nam". Far Eastern Survey. 28 (8): 113–126. doi: 10.2307/3024603. JSTOR 3024603. Ho Chi Minh | Biography, Presidency, & Facts". www.britannica.com. 20 June 2023 . Retrieved 16 July 2023. As early as June 1956 the idea of overthrowing the South Vietnamese government was presented at a politburo meeting. In 1959, Hồ Chí Minh began urging the Politburo to send aid to the Việt Cộng in South Vietnam; a " people's war" on the South was approved at a session in January 1959, and this decision was confirmed by the Politburo in March. [101] [102] North Vietnam invaded Laos in July 1959 aided by the Pathet Lao and used 30,000 men to build a network of supply and reinforcement routes running through Laos and Cambodia that became known as the Hồ Chí Minh trail. [103] It allowed the North to send manpower and material to the Việt Cộng with much less exposure to South Vietnamese forces, achieving a considerable advantage. [104] To counter the accusation that North Vietnam was violating the Geneva Accord, the independence of the Việt Cộng was stressed in communist propaganda. North Vietnam created the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam in December 1960 as a " united front", or political branch of the Viet Cong intended to encourage the participation of non-Communists. [101] [102] During the Fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975, several PAVN tanks displayed a poster with those same words on it. The day after the battle ended, on 1 May, veteran Australian journalist Denis Warner reported that "When the North Vietnamese marched into Saigon yesterday, they were led by a man who wasn't there". [152] Legacy [ edit ] Hồ Chí Minh Mausoleum, Hanoi. 1954 Postage Stamp of Hồ Chí Minh with Chinese Leader Mao Zedong and Soviet Leader Georgy Malenkov.Hồ Chí Minh was born in Nghệ An province in the French protectorate of Annam. From 1911, he left French Indochina to continue his revolutionary activities. He was also one of the founding members of the French Communist Party. In 1930, he founded the Communist Party of Vietnam and in 1941, he returned to Vietnam and founded the Việt Minh independence movement, an umbrella group. Then, Hồ led the August Revolution against the Japanese in August 1945, which resulted in the independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. After the French returned to power the following month, Hồ's government retreated to the Việt Bắc region and began guerrilla warfare. The Việt Minh defeated the French Union in 1954 at the Battle of Điện Biên Phủ, ending the First Indochina War, and resulting in the division of Vietnam, with the Việt Minh in control of North Vietnam, and anti-communists in control of South Vietnam. He was a key figure in the People's Army of Vietnam and the Việt Cộng during the Vietnam War, which lasted from 1955 to 1975. Hồ officially stepped down from power in 1965 due to health problems and died in 1969. North Vietnam was ultimately victorious against South Vietnam and its allies. Vietnam was officially unified in 1976. Saigon, the former capital of South Vietnam, was renamed Ho Chi Minh City in his honor. Nguyen Lien-Hang T. 2012 Hanoi's War: An International History of the War for Peace in Vietnam, University of North Carolina Press All the parties at Geneva called for reunification elections, but they could not agree on the details. Recently appointed Việt Minh acting foreign minister Pham Van Dong proposed elections under the supervision of "local commissions". The United States, with the support of Britain and the Associated States of Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia, suggested United Nations supervision. This plan was rejected by Soviet representative Vyacheslav Molotov, who argued for a commission composed of an equal number of communist and non-communist members, which could determine "important" issues only by unanimous agreement. [82] The negotiators were unable to agree on a date for the elections for reunification. North Vietnam argued that the elections should be held within six months of the ceasefire while the Western allies sought to have no deadline. Molotov proposed June 1955, then later softened this to any time in 1955 and finally July 1956. [83] The Diem government supported reunification elections, but only with effective international supervision, arguing that genuinely free elections were otherwise impossible in the totalitarian North. [84] By the afternoon of 20 July 1954, the remaining outstanding issues were resolved as the parties agreed that the partition line should be at the 17th parallel and the elections for a reunified government should be held in July 1956, two years after the ceasefire. [85] The Agreement on the Cessation of Hostilities in Vietnam was only signed by the French and Việt Minh military commands, with no participation or consultation of the State of Vietnam. [86] Based on a proposal by Chinese delegation head Zhou Enlai, an International Control Commission (ICC) chaired by India, with Canada and Poland as members, was placed in charge of supervising the ceasefire. [87] [88] Because issues were to be decided unanimously, Poland's presence in the ICC provided the Communists with effective veto power over supervision of the treaty. [89] The unsigned Final Declaration of the Geneva Conference called for reunification elections, which the majority of delegates expected to be supervised by the ICC. The Việt Minh never accepted ICC authority over such elections, insisting that the ICC's "competence was to be limited to the supervision and control of the implementation of the Agreement on the Cessation of Hostilities by both parties". [90] Of the nine nations represented, only the United States and the State of Vietnam refused to accept the declaration. Undersecretary of state Walter Bedell Smith delivered a "unilateral declaration" of the United States position, reiterating: "We shall seek to achieve unity through free elections supervised by the United Nations to ensure that they are conducted fairly". [91] Hồ Chí Minh with East German sailors in Stralsund harbor during his 1957 visit to East Germany Hồ Chí Minh with members of the East German Young Pioneers near Berlin, 1957 In addition to being a politician, Hồ Chí Minh was also a writer, journalist, poet [139] and polyglot. His father was a scholar and teacher who received a high degree in the Nguyễn dynasty Imperial examination. Hồ was taught to master Classical Chinese at a young age. Before the August Revolution, he often wrote poetry in Chữ Hán (the Vietnamese name for the Chinese writing system). One of those is Poems from the Prison Diary, written when he was imprisoned by the police of the Republic of China. This poetry chronicle is Vietnam National Treasure No. 10 and was translated into many languages. It is used in Vietnamese high schools. [140] After Vietnam gained independence from France, the new government exclusively promoted Chữ Quốc Ngữ (Vietnamese writing system in Latin characters) to eliminate illiteracy. Hồ started to create more poems in the modern Vietnamese language for dissemination to a wider range of readers. From when he became president until the appearance of serious health problems, a short poem of his was regularly published in the newspaper Nhân Dân Tết (Lunar new year) edition to encourage his people in working, studying or fighting Americans in the new year.

Evan Smith’s come-to-Jesus moment (possibly the wrong metaphor, since Ming is an atheist) occurred in his twenties when, after a dismal stint working at an abalone farm, he pulled himself together, was accepted at Carnegie Mellon in Pittsburgh on the strength of raw test scores, and began studying neuroscience — not only of human brains, but artificial ones too. Two transformative things happened. First, he saw the potential of AI to enhance human performance, using the likes of prosthetic limbs that connect to the brain’s own neurons. Ming has studied this area as a visiting scholar in theoretical neuroscience at the University of California Berkeley. McMaster, H.R. (1997) "Dereliction of Duty: Lyndon Johnson, Robert McNamara, The Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Lies that Led to Vietnam", p. 35.

Navigation menu

During the course of her campaign Mrs Ming met then-Attorney General Lord Goldsmith and other members of the House of Lords to argue her case. Hồ Chí Minh [a] [b] ( né Nguyễn Sinh Cung; [c] [d] [e] [3] [4] 19May 1890 – 2September 1969), [f] colloqually known as Uncle Ho ( Bác Hồ) or just the Uncle ( Bác), [g] [7] and by other aliases [h] and sobriquets, [i] was a Vietnamese communist revolutionary, nationalist, and politician. He served as Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam from 1945 to 1955, and as President from 1945 until his death in 1969. Ideologically a Marxist–Leninist, he was the Chairman and First Secretary of the Workers' Party of Vietnam, the predecessor of the current Communist Party of Vietnam. The number of credits is then translated into points. Starting at 2 points for 1 credit, your points double with each credit up to 5, after which the doubling only occurs with every 3 additional credits. So 5 credits is worth 32 points, 8 credits will earn you 64 points: score the ultimate 41 credits and you’ll end the round with a whopping 131,072 points! (not an everyday occurance – the rule book offers an example of this highest-scroing hand).

Frances FitzGerald. 1972. Fire in the Lake: The Vietnamese and the Americans in Vietnam. Little, Brown and Company. Historian Professor Liam Kelley of the University of Hawaii at Manoa on his Le Minh Khai's Asian History Blog challenged the authenticity of the alleged quote where Hồ Chí Minh said he "would rather smell French shit for five years than eat Chinese shit for a thousand," noting that Stanley Karnow provided no source for the extended quote attributed to him in his 1983 Vietnam: A History and that the original quote was most likely forged by the Frenchman Paul Mus in his 1952 book Vietnam: Sociologie d'une Guerre. Mus was a supporter of French colonialism in Vietnam and Hồ Chí Minh believed there was no danger of Chinese troops staying in Vietnam. The Vietnamese at the time were busy spreading anti-French propaganda as evidence of French atrocities in Vietnam emerged while Hồ Chí Minh showed no qualms about accepting Chinese aid after 1949. [64] [65] Võ Nguyên Giáp (left) with Hồ Chí Minh (right) in Hanoi in 1945 Marr, David G. (2013). Vietnam: State, War, and Revolution (1945–1946). University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520954977. Mrs Ming also said her campaigning days were over. "I'm going to relax. It's done now. He's been convicted."a b "Ben-gurion Reveals Suggestion of North Vietnam's Communist Leader". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 8 November 1966 . Retrieved 5 September 2015. Hunt, Michael H. (2016). The World Transformed 1945 To the Present. New York: Oxford University Press. p.125. ISBN 978-0-19-937102-0. Turner, Robert F. (1975). Vietnamese Communism: Its Origin and Development. Hoover Institution Press. This remarkable personal journey is topped off by the fact that the two now work together at Socos Labs, in Berkeley, doing what they call “mad science”. In practice, this means a few different things. Ming consults with public and private entities, including the UN and the California state government, using AI and neuroscience to offer insights into challenges around hiring, workplace development, diversity and education reform. Osborne, Milton. "Ho Chi Minh" History Today (Nov 1980), Vol. 30 Issue 11, pp. 40–46; popular history; online.



  • Fruugo ID: 258392218-563234582
  • EAN: 764486781913
  • Sold by: Fruugo

Delivery & Returns

Fruugo

Address: UK
All products: Visit Fruugo Shop